So where would you say I would begin?
Download an IDE
Do I use ASP.NET or Java EE?
ASP.NET
Do I need to use a framework like spring (i have no clue wtf spring is or does)
Spring is for Java and you shouldn't touch that unless you have a very deep understanding of OOP, it also introduces AOP (Aspect Oriented Programming) which you are very unlikely to learn in school
Do I have do cloud computing because they're is no change i will be buying hardware, if so which one aws, google, etc..?
Just rent any server
PS: pretty much all modern websites and web apps rely on PHP nowadays, all large IT companies use the LAMP stack (Linux, Apache, MySQL, PHP) because that's all you need for web development